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De-escalation of Therapy in Patients with Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Yusuke Miyatani
, Taku Kobayashi
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):181-189https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220070Abstract : Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic disease of unknown origin that requires long-term treatment. The optical duration of maintenance treatment once remission has been achieved remains unclear. When discussing a de-escalation strategy, not only the likelihood of relapse but also, the outcome of retreatment for relapse after de-escalation should be considered. Previous evidence has demonstrated controversial results for risk factors for relapse after de-escalation due to the various definitions of remission and relapse. In fact, endoscopic or histologic remission has been suggested as a treatment target; however, it might not always be indicative of a successful drug withdrawal. For better risk stratification of relapse after de-escalation, it may be necessary to evaluate both the current and previous treatments. Following de-escalation, biomarkers should be closely monitored. In addition to the risk of relapse, a comprehensive understanding of the overall outcome, such as the long-term safety, patient quality of life, and impact on healthcare costs, is necessary. Therefore, a shared decision-making with patients on a case-by-case basis is imperative.
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Microbial Metabolite Dysbiosis and Colorectal Cancer
Patrick Niekamp
, Chang H. Kim
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):190-203https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220260Abstract : The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to continuously increase. Through research performed in the past decades, the effects of various environmental factors on CRC development have been well identified. Diet, the gut microbiota and their metabolites are key environmental factors that profoundly affect CRC development. Major microbial metabolites with a relevance for CRC prevention and pathogenesis include dietary fiber-derived short-chain fatty acids, bile acid derivatives, indole metabolites, polyamines, trimethylamine-N-oxide, formate, and hydrogen sulfide. These metabolites regulate various cell types in the intestine, leading to an altered intestinal barrier, immunity, chronic inflammation, and tumorigenesis. The physical, chemical, and metabolic properties of these metabolites along with their distinct functions to trigger host receptors appear to largely determine their effects in regulating CRC development. In this review, we will discuss the current advances in our understanding of the major CRC-regulating microbial metabolites, focusing on their production and interactive effects on immune responses and tumorigenesis in the colon.
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The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Hepatology
Saleh A. Alqahtani1,2
, Floriane Ausloos3
, Ji Seok Park4
, Sunguk Jang4
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):204-216https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220071Abstract : Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has been an indispensable and widely used diagnostic tool in several medical fields, including gastroenterology, cardiology, and urology, due to its diverse therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Many studies show that it is effective and safe in patients with liver conditions where conventional endoscopy or cross-sectional imaging are inefficient or when surgical interventions pose high risks. In this article, we present a review of the current literature for the different diagnostic and therapeutic applications of EUS in liver diseases and their complications and discuss the potential future application of artificial intelligence analysis of EUS.
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Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Treatment of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in the Stomach
Moon Kyung Joo1
, Jong-Jae Park1
, Yeon Ho Lee1
, Beom Jae Lee1
, Seong Min Kim1
, Won Shik Kim1
, Ah Young Yoo1
, Hoon Jai Chun2
, Sang Woo Lee3
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):217-225https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210454Abstract : Background/Aims: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the stomach. We evaluated the clinical outcomes of endoscopic treatment for gastric GISTs.Methods: This is a single center, retrospective study that enrolled 135 cases of gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs) resected by endoscopic procedures and confirmed as GISTs by histopathology from March 2005 to July 2019. The immediate and long-term clinical outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.Results: The mean patient age was 57.9 years, and the mean tumor size was 2.1 cm. Of the tumors, 43.0% were located in the body, followed by the fundus (26.7%) and cardia (17.0%). Most tumors (85.2%) were resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection, followed by endoscopic mucosal resection (6.7%), submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (5.9%), and endoscopic full-thickness resection (2.2%). Macroperforation occurred in 4.4% and microperforation in 6.7% of the cases. The R0 resection rate was 15.6%. However, the rate of complete resection by the endoscopic view was 90.4%, of which 54.8% of cases were in the very-low-risk group, followed by the low-risk group (28.1%), intermediate-risk group (11.9%), and high-risk group (5.2%). During 36.5 months of follow-up, recurrence was found in four (3.4%) of the 118 patients who were monitored for more than 6 months (low-risk group, 1/37 [2.7%]; intermediate-risk group, 2/11 [18.2%]; high-risk group, 1/6 [16.7%]).Conclusions: Endoscopic treatment of a GIST appears to be a feasible procedure in selected cases. However, additional surgery should be considered if the pathologic results correspond to intermediate- or high-risk groups.
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A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Control, Noninferiority, Multicenter, Phase 4 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Esomeprazole/Sodium Bicarbonate 20/800 mg in Patients with Nonerosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Su Hyun Park1
, Kang Nyeong Lee1
, Oh Young Lee1
, Myung Gyu Choi2
, Jie-Hyun Kim3
, In-Kyung Sung4
, Jae Young Jang5
, Kyung Sik Park6
, Hoon Jai Chun7
, Eun Young Kim8
, Jun Kyu Lee9
, Jin Seok Jang10
, Gwang Ha Kim11
, Su Jin Hong12
, Yong Chan Lee13
, Suck-Chei Choi14
, Hyun Soo Kim15
, Tae Oh Kim16
, Gwang Ho Baik17
, Yong Cheol Jeon18
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):226-233https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220023Abstract : Background/Aims: Efficacy of proton pump inhibitors is limited in patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD). The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the efficacy and safety of esomeprazole with sodium bicarbonate and esomeprazole alone. Methods: This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, noninferiority comparative study. A total of 379 patients with NERD were randomly allocated to receive either EsoduoⓇ (esomeprazole 20 mg with sodium bicarbonate 800 mg) or NexiumⓇ (esomeprazole 20 mg) once daily for 4 weeks from January 2019 to December 2019. The patients had a history of heartburn for at least 2 days in the week before randomization as well as in the last 3 months and no esophageal mucosal breaks on endoscopy. The primary endpoint was a complete cure of heartburn at week 4. The secondary and exploratory endpoints as well as the safety profiles were compared in the groups at weeks 2 and 4. Results: A total of 355 patients completed the study (180 in the EsoduoⓇ group and 175 in the NexiumⓇ group). The proportions of patients without heartburn in the entire 4th week of treatment were not different between the two groups (33.33% in the EsoduoⓇ group and 35% in the NexiumⓇ group, p=0.737). There were no significant differences in most of the secondary and exploratory endpoints as well as the safety profiles. Conclusions: EsoduoⓇ is as effective and safe as NexiumⓇ for managing typical symptoms in patients with NERD (ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT03928470).
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Comparison Trial between I-SCAN-Optical Enhancement and Chromoendoscopy for Evaluating the Horizontal Margins of Gastric Epithelial Neoplasms
Myeongseok Koh1
, Jong Yoon Lee1
, Song-Hee Han2
, Seong Woo Jeon3
, Su Jin Kim4
, Joo Young Cho5
, Seong Hwan Kim5
, Jae Young Jang6
, Gwang Ho Baik7
, Jin Seok Jang1
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):234-242https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220025Abstract : Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection is a widely used treatment for gastric epithelial neoplasms. Accurate delineation of the horizontal margins is necessary for the complete resection of gastric epithelial neoplasms. Recently, image-enhanced endoscopy has been used to evaluate horizontal margins of gastric epithelial neoplasms. The aim of this study was to investigate whether I-SCAN-optical enhancement (I-SCAN-OE) is superior to chromoendoscopy in evaluating the horizontal margin of gastric epithelial neoplasms.Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, and randomized trial. The participants were divided into two groups: I-SCAN-OE and chromoendoscopy. For both groups, we first evaluated the horizontal margins of early gastric cancer or high-grade dysplasia using white-light imaging, and then evaluated, the horizontal margins using I-SCAN-OE or chromoendoscopy. We devised a unique scoring method based on the pathological results obtained after endoscopic submucosal dissection to accurately evaluate the horizontal margins of gastric epithelial neoplasms. The delineation scores of both groups were compared, as were the ratios of positive/negative horizontal margins.Results: In total, 124 patients were evaluated for gastric epithelial neoplasms, of whom 112 were enrolled in the study. A total of 112 patients participated in the study, and 56 were assigned to each group (1:1). There was no statistically significant difference in the delineation scores between the groups (chromoendoscopy, 7.80±1.94; I-SCAN-OE, 8.23±2.24; p=0.342).Conclusions: I-SCAN-OE did not show superiority over chromoendoscopy in delineating horizontal margins of gastric epithelial neoplasms.
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Impact of Body Mass Index on Survival Depending on Sex in 14,688 Patients with Gastric Cancer in a Tertiary Hospital in South Korea
Hyeong Ho Jo1,2
, Nayoung Kim1,3
, Jieun Jang4
, Yonghoon Choi1
, Jaehyung Park1
, Young Mi Park5
, Soyeon Ahn5
, Hyuk Yoon1
, Cheol Min Shin1
, Young Soo Park1
, Dong Ho Lee1,3
, Hyeon Jeong Oh6
, Hye Seung Lee7
, Young Suk Park8
, Sang-Hoon Ahn8
, Yun-Suhk Suh8
, Do Joong Park8,9
, Hyung Ho Kim8,9
, Ji-Won Kim1
, Jin Won Kim1
, Keun-Wook Lee1,3
, Won Chang10
, Ji Hoon Park10
, Yoon Jin Lee10
, Kyoung Ho Lee10,11
, Young Hoon Kim10,11
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):243-258https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220104Abstract : Background/Aims: The incidence and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) shows sex difference. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on GC survival depending on sex.Methods: The sex, age, location, histology, TNM stages, BMI, and survival were analyzed in GC patients from May 2003 to February 2020 at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital.Results: Among 14,688 patients, there were twice as many males (66.6%) as females (33.4%). However, under age 40 years, females (8.6%) were more prevalent than males (3.1%). Cardia GC in males showed a U-shaped distribution for underweight (9.6%), normal (6.4%), overweight (6.1%), obesity (5.6%), and severe obesity (9.3%) but not in females (p=0.003). Females showed decreased proportion of diffuse-type GC regarding BMI (underweight [59.9%], normal [56.8%], overweight [49.5%], obesity [44.8%], and severe obesity [41.7%]), but males did not (p
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Proposal of a Risk Scoring System to Facilitate the Treatment of Enteroenteric Intussusception in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Nianjun Xiao1
, Tongzhen Zhang1
, Jing Zhang1
, Jinlong Zhang2
, Hao Li3
, Shoubin Ning1
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):259-266https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210390Abstract : Background/Aims: Enteroenteric intussusception in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (EI-PJS) is traditionally treated by surgery. However, enteroscopic treatment is a minimally invasive approach worth attempting. We aimed to develop a risk scoring system to facilitate decision-making in the treatment of EI-PJS. Methods: This was a single-center case-control study, including 80 patients diagnosed with PJS and coexisting intussusception between January 2015 and January 2021 in Air Force Medical Center. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors and allocated different points to each subcategory of risk factors; the total score of individuals ranged from 0 to 9 points. Then, we constructed a risk stratification system based on the possibility of requiring surgery: 0–3 points for “low-risk,” 4–6 points for “moderate-risk,” and 7–9 points for “high-risk.” Results: Sixty-one patients (76.25%) were successfully treated with enteroscopy. Sixteen patients (20.0%) failed enteroscopic treatment and subsequently underwent surgery, and three patients (3.75%) received surgery directly. Abdominal pain, the diameter of the responsible polyp, and the length of intussusception were independent risk factors for predicting the possibility of requiring surgery. According to the risk scoring system, the incidence rates of surgery were 4.44% in the low-risk tier, 30.43% in the moderate-risk tier, and 83.33% in the high-risk tier. From low- to high-risk tiers, the trend of increasing risk was significant (p
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Hsa_circ_0003602 Contributes to the Progression of Colorectal Cancer by Mediating the miR-149-5p/SLC38A1 Axis
Rong Wu1
, Shiyu Tang2
, Qiuxiao Wang3
, Pengfei Kong4
, Fang Liu3
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):267-279https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210542Abstract : Background/Aims: We aimed to investigate the role and working mechanism of Homo sapiens circular RNA_0003602 (hsa_circ_0003602) in colorectal cancer (CRC) development.Methods: The expression of circ_0003602, miR-149-5p, and solute carrier family 38 member 1 (SLC38A1) was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RNase R assays were conducted to determine the characteristics of circ_0003602. CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry analysis, transwell invasion assays, wound healing assays and tube formation assays were employed to evaluate cell viability, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. All protein levels were examined by Western blot or immunohistochemistry assay. The glutamine metabolism was monitored by corresponding glutamine, α-ketoglutarate and glutamate assay kits. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was utilized to confirm the targeted combination between miR-149-5p and circ_0003602 or SLC38A1. A xenograft tumor model was established to analyze the role of circ_0003602 in CRC tumor growth in vivo.Results: Circ_0003602 was upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. Circ_0003602 silencing suppressed CRC cell viability, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and glutaminolysis; induced cell apoptosis in vitro; and blocked tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, circ_0003602 directly interacted with miR-149-5p to negatively regulate its expression, and circ_0003602 knockdown suppressed the malignant behaviors of CRC cells largely by upregulating miR-149-5p. MiR-149-5p directly bound to the 3’ untranslated region of SLC38A1 to induce its degradation, and miR-149-5p overexpression reduced the malignant potential of CRC cells largely by downregulating SLC38A1. Circ_0003602 positively regulated SLC38A1 expression by sponging miR-149-5p in CRC cells.Conclusions: Circ_0003602 knockdown impedes CRC development by targeting the miR-149-5p/SLC38A1 axis, which provides a novel theoretical basis and new insights for CRC treatment.
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Long-term Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Profile and Seroclearance after Severe Acute Flares of Chronic Hepatitis B
Ka-Yin Hui1
, James Fung1
, Ka-Shing Cheung1,2
, Lung-Yi Mak1,3
, Wai-Kay Seto1,2,3
, Man-Fung Yuen1,3
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):280-287https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220122Abstract : Background/Aims: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance remains uncommon in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. During acute flares of CHB (AFOCHB), alanine aminotransferase elevation reflects a mounting immune response toward viral clearance. We hypothesized that severe AFOCHB is associated with a greater quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) decline and HBsAg seroclearance rate. Methods: A total of 75 patients with severe AFOCHB with alanine aminotransferase 10× the upper limit of normal were matched to a control group by age and sex in a 1:2 ratio. qHBsAg levels were measured at the time of flare and annually (for both cases and controls) until the last follow-up. Results: The median follow-up times for patients with severe AFOCHB and controls were 8.8 and 10.5 years, respectively. The cumulative rate of HBsAg seroclearance was higher in the severe AFOCHB group than in the control group (11.8% vs 5.0%, p=0.04) despite the former group having a trend of a higher baseline median qHBsAg (3,127 IU/mL vs 1,178 IU/mL, p=0.076). Compared with the control group, the severe AFOCHB group had a greater annual qHBsAg reduction (–242.4 IU/mL/yr vs –47.3 IU/mL/yr, p=0.002). Increasing age (p=0.049), lower baseline qHBsAg (p=0.002), and severe AFOCHB (p=0.014) were independently associated with HBsAg seroclearance. However, the cumulative rate of hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher in the severe AFOCHB group than in the control group (15.8% vs 1.9%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Severe AFOCHB was associated with a greater incidence of HBsAg seroclearance and qHBsAg decline. However, it was associated with a higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Risk of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Reactivation in HBsAg-Negative, Anti-HBc-Negative Patients Receiving Rituximab for Autoimmune Diseases in HBV Endemic Areas
Ting-Yuan Lan1
, Yen-Chun Lin2
, Tai-Chung Tseng3,4,5
, Hung-Chih Yang3
, Jui-Hung Kao2
, Chiao-Feng Cheng2
, Tai-Ju Lee6
, Shang-Chin Huang7
, Cheng-Hsun Lu6
, Ko-Jen Li6
, Song-Chou Hsieh6
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):288-298https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210551Abstract : Background/Aims: Rituximab is known to be associated with high hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation rate in patients with resolved HBV infection and hematologic malignancy. However, data regarding HBV reactivation (HBVr) in rheumatic patients receiving rituximab is limited. To assess the HBVr rate in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients receiving rituximab for autoimmune diseases in a large real-world cohort.Methods: From March 2006 to December 2019, 900 patients with negative HBsAg receiving at least one cycle of rituximab for autoimmune diseases in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical outcome and factors associated with HBVr were analyzed.Results: After a median follow-up period of 3.3 years, 21 patients developed HBVr, among whom 17 patients were positive for hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) and four were negative. Thirteen patients had clinical hepatitis flare, while eight patients had HBsAg seroreversion without hepatitis. Old age, anti-HBc positivity, undetectable serum hepatitis B surface antibody level at rituximab initiation and a higher average rituximab dose were associated with a higher HBVr rate. There was no significant difference in the HBVr risk between rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Among anti-HBc-negative patients, subjects without HBV vaccination at birth had an increased risk of HBVr (4/368, 1.1%) compared with those who received vaccination (0/126, 0%).Conclusions: In HBV endemic areas where occult HBV is prevalent, anti-HBc-negative patients, may still be at risk for HBVr after rituximab exposure. HBVr may still be considered in HBsAg-negative patients developing abnormal liver function after rituximab exposure, even in patients with negative anti-HBc.
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Age, Sex, and Body Mass Index Should Be Considered When Assessing Spleen Length in Patients with Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease
Han Ah Lee1
, Seung Up Kim2
, Jihwan Lim3
, Moon Young Kim4
, Sang Gyune Kim5
, Ki Tae Suk6
, Jae Young Jang5
, Hyonggin An7
, Hyung Joon Yim3
, Yeon Seok Seo3
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):299-307https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220032Abstract : Background/Aims: We investigated the factors related to spleen length and the diagnostic accuracy of a model using spleen length corrected by related factors, for the prediction of varices needing treatment (VNT). Methods: Various prediction models for VNT including spleen length were analyzed in the cohort of compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD), defined as liver stiffness (LS) ≥10 kPa in a recent study. The associated factors for spleen length were identified in healthy subjects to improve the prediction of VNT. Results: Among 1,218 cACLD patients, VNT was noted in 249 patients (20.4%). On multivariate analysis, longer spleen length, lower platelet count, and higher LS value were independent predictors for VNT (all p
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Factors Affecting the Learning Curve in the Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Sampling of Solid Pancreatic Lesions: A Prospective Study
Marcel Razpotnik1
, Simona Bota1
, Mathilde Kutilek2
, Gerolf Essler1
, Christian Urak1
, Julian Prosenz2
, Jutta Weber-Eibel1
, Andreas Maieron2
, Markus Peck-Radosavljevic1
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):308-317https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210560Abstract : Background/Aims: Endosonography is associated with a long learning curve. We aimed to assess variables that may influence the diagnostic outcomes in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/B) of solid pancreatic tumors regarding the level of endoscopists' experience. Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing EUS-guided puncture of solid pancreatic tumors (eight endosonographers, including six trainees) were prospectively enrolled. An experienced endosonographer was defined as having performed at least 250 EUS examinations, including 75 FNA/Bs. The final diagnosis was determined by cytopathology, histopathology, or clinical follow-up. Results: In total, 283 EUS-FNA/Bs of solid pancreatic tumors (75.6% malignant) in 239 patients (median age 69 years, 57.6% males) were enrolled. Trainees performed 149/283 (52.7%) of the interventions. Accuracy and sensitivity for detecting malignancy were significantly higher in the expert group than in the trainee group (85.8% vs 73.2%, p=0.01 and 82.5% vs 68.4%, p=0.02). Solid lesions evaluated by an expert using FNB needles showed the best odds for a correct diagnosis (odds ratio, 3.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.15 to 8.23; p=0.02). More experienced endoscopists achieved better accuracy in sampling via the transduodenal approach (86.7% vs 68.5%, p
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Tissue Quality Comparison Between Heparinized Wet Suction and Dry Suction in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Fine Needle Biopsy of Solid Pancreatic Masses: A Randomized Crossover Study
Meng-Ying Lin1
, Cheng-Lin Wu2
, Yung-Yeh Su3,4
, Chien-Jui Huang1
, Wei-Lun Chang1
, Bor-Shyang Sheu1
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):318-327https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220030Abstract : Background/Aims: A high-quality sample allows for next-generation sequencing and the administration of more tailored precision medicine treatments. We aimed to evaluate whether heparinized wet suction can obtain higher quality samples than the standard dry-suction method during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy of pancreatic masses.Methods: A prospective randomized crossover study was conducted. Patients with a solid pancreatic mass were randomly allocated to receive either heparinized wet suction first or dry suction first. For each method, two needle passes were made, followed by a switch to the other method for a total of four needle punctures. The primary outcome was the aggregated white tissue length. Histological blood contamination, diagnostic performance and adverse events were analyzed as secondary outcomes. In addition, the correlation between white tissue length and the extracted DNA amount was analyzed.Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled, and 200 specimens were acquired (100 with heparinized wet suction and 100 with dry suction), with one minor bleeding event. The heparinized wet suction approach yielded specimens with longer aggregated white tissue length (11.07 mm vs 7.96 mm, p=0.001) and less blood contamination (p=0.008). A trend towards decreasing tissue quality was observed for the 2nd pass of the dry-suction method, leading to decreased diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy, although the accumulated diagnostic performance was comparable between the two suction methods. The amount of extracted DNA correlated positively to the white tissue length (p=0.001, Spearman̕s ρ=0.568).Conclusions: Heparinized wet suction for EUS tissue acquisition of solid pancreatic masses can yield longer, bloodless, DNA-rich tissue without increasing the incidence of adverse events (ClinicalTrials.gov. identifier NCT04707560).
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Current Practice Patterns of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Tissue Sampling for Pancreatic Solid Mass in Korea: Outcomes of a National Survey
Dong-Won Ahn1
, Hyung Ku Chon2
, Sung-Hoon Moon3
, Sang Wook Park4
, Woo Hyun Paik5
, Chang Nyol Paik6
, Byoung Kwan Son7
, Tae Jun Song8
, Eaum Seok Lee9
, Yun Nah Lee10
, Yoon Suk Lee11
, Jae Min Lee12
, Tae Joo Jeon13
, Chang Hwan Park14
, Kwang Bum Cho15
, Dong Wook Lee16
, Hong Ja Kim17
, Seung Bae Yoon18
, Kwang Hyun Chung7
, Jin-Seok Park19
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):328-336https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220131Abstract : Background/Aims: Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) and fine needle biopsy (FNB) are widely used for tissue acquisition of pancreatic solid mass, the optimal strategy of this procedure has not been established yet. The aim of this nationwide study was to investigate the current practice patterns of EUS-FNA/FNB for pancreatic solid mass in Korea.Methods: The Policy-Quality Management of the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association (KPBA) developed a questionnaire containing 22 questions. An electronic survey consisting of the questionnaire was distributed by e-mail to members registered to the KPBA.Results: A total of 101 respondents completed the survey. Eighty respondents (79.2%) performed preoperative EUS-FNA/FNB for operable pancreatic solid mass. Acquire needles (60.4%) were used the most, followed by ProCore needles (47.5%). In terms of need size, most respondents (>80%) preferred 22-gauge needles regardless of the location of the mass. Negative suction with a 10-mL syringe (71.3%) as sampling technique was followed by stylet slow-pull (41.6%). More than three needle passes for EUS-FNA/FNB was performed by most respondents (>80%). The frequency of requiring repeated procedure was significantly higher in respondents with a low individual volume (
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Increased Risk of Cancer after Cholecystectomy
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):337-338https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220211 -
Comments on Comparison of Sorafenib versus Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy-Based Treatment for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
Min Deng1,2
, Shaohua Li1,2
, Wei Wei1,2
, Rongping Guo1,2
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):339-340https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220249 -
Comments on Comparison of Sorafenib versus Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy-Based Treatment for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis: Reply
Hyung Joon Yim
, Young Eun Ahn
, Tae Hyung Kim
, Young Kul Jung
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):341-342https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220522 -
Corrigendum to: Is Neoadjuvant Therapy Needed in Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Cancer?
Dong Uk Kim
Gut Liver 2023;17(2):343-343https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210585.e
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Independent and Synergistic Associations of Aerobic Physical Activity and Resistance Exercise with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Hong Jun Yang1
, Yeon Pyo Hong2
, Tai-Young Yoon3
, Jae-Hong Ryoo4
, Joong-Myung Choi3
, Chang-Mo Oh3
Published online March 17, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220345 -
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Intestinal Fibrosis
Xiaomin Wu
, Xiaoxuan Lin
, Jinyu Tan
, Zishan Liu
, Jinshen He
, Fan Hu
, Yu Wang
, Minhu Chen
, Fen Liu
, Ren Mao
Published online March 10, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220045 -
The Incidence and Care Cascade of the Hepatitis C Virus in Korea
Young Eun Chon1
, Aejeong Jo2
, Eileen L. Yoon3
, Jonghyun Lee4
, Ho Gyun Shin2
, Min Jung Ko2
, Dae Won Jun3
Published online March 2, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220322 -
GATA4 Forms a Positive Feedback Loop with CDX2 to Transactivate MUC2 in Bile Acids-Induced Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia
Xiaofang Yang1
, Ting Ye1
, Li Rong2
, Hong Peng2
, Jin Tong1
, Xiao Xiao1
, Xiaoqiang Wan1
, Jinjun Guo1,2
Published online March 2, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220394 -
Optimizing Helicobacter pylori Treatment: An Updated Review of Empirical and Susceptibility Test-Based Treatments
Fumiaki Ishibashi
, Sho Suzuki
, Mizuki Nagai
, Kentaro Mochida
, Tetsuo Morishita
Published online February 27, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220429 -
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Jin Sun Kim1
, Mu-Hong Chen2,3,4
, Hohui E. Wang5
, Ching-Liang Lu4,6,7
, Yen-Po Wang4,6,7
, Bing Zhang1
Published online February 27, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220523 -
Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Treatments for Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: The Current Status of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Treatment in Japan
Shigenori Ei
, Shinichiro Takahashi
, Toshihito Ogasawara
, Taro Mashiko
, Yoshihito Masuoka
, Toshio Nakagohri
Published online February 27, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220311 -
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Acute Liver Failure
Yong-Hong Wang
, En-Qiang Chen
Published online February 27, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220417 -
Downregulation of Heat Shock Protein 72 Contributes to Fibrostenosis in Crohn’s Disease
Seung Won Kim1,2
, Jae-Young Lee3
, Han Cheol Lee3
, Jae Bum Ahn3
, Ji Hyung Kim1
, I Seul Park1
, Jae Hee Cheon1,2
, Duk Hwan Kim4
Published online February 23, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220308 -
Fibrotic Burden in the Liver Differs Across Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Subtypes
Tae Seop Lim1,2
, Ho Soo Chun3,4
, Soon Sun Kim5
, Ja Kyung Kim1,2
, Minjong Lee3,4
, Hyo Jung Cho5
, Seung Up Kim1,6
, Jae Youn Cheong5
Published online February 17, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220400 -
Pretransplant Functional Status Predicts Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality after Liver Transplantation in Patients with Cirrhosis
Myung Ji Goh1
, Jihye Kim1
, Won Hyuk Chang2
, Dong Hyun Sinn1
, Geum-Yeon Gwak1
, Yong-Han Paik1
, Moon Seok Choi1
, Joon Hyeok Lee1
, Kwang Cheol Koh1
, Seung Woon Paik1
, Jong Man Kim3
, Wonseok Kang1,4,5
Published online February 15, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220337 -
Prognostic Significance of ARID1A Expression Patterns Varies with Molecular Subtype in Advanced Gastric Cancer
Jun Yong Kim1
, Cheol Keun Park1
, Songmi Noh2
, Jae-Ho Cheong3
, Sung Hoon Noh3
, Hyunki Kim1
Published online February 15, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220342 -
Comparison of Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein, Procalcitonin, and the Computed Tomography Severity Index for Early Prediction of Severity of Acute Pancreatitis
In Rae Cho1
, Min Young Do2
, So Young Han2
, Sung Ill Jang2
, Jae Hee Cho2
Published online February 15, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220356 -
Efficacy and Safety of Fexuprazan in Patients with Acute or Chronic Gastritis
Gwang Ha Kim1, Myung-Gyu Choi2, Jin Il Kim3, Soo Teik Lee4, Hoon Jai Chun5, Kook Lae Lee6, Suk Chei Choi7, Jae-Young Jang8, Yong Chan Lee9, Jae Gyu Kim10, Ki Bae Kim11, Ki-Nam Shim12, Chong Il Sohn13, Sung Kook Kim14, Sang Gyun Kim15, Jin Seok Jang16, Nayoung Kim17, Hwoon-Yong Jung18, Hyojin Park19, Kyu Chan Huh20, Kwang Jae Lee21, Su Jin Hong22, Song Baek23, Jin Joo Han23, Oh Young Lee24
Published online February 15, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220457 -
Mucosal and Submucosal Thickening of Esophageal Wall Is a Promising Factor in the Development of Symptoms in Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Yugo Suzuki1
, Yorinari Ochiai1
, Atsuko Hosoi2
, Takayuki Okamura1
, Junnosuke Hayasaka1
, Yutaka Mitsunaga1
, Masami Tanaka1
, Hiroyuki Odagiri1
, Kosuke Nomura1
, Satoshi Yamashita1
, Akira Matsui1
, Daisuke Kikuchi1
, Kenichi Ohashi3
, Shu Hoteya1
Published online February 15, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220490 -
Helicobacter pylori Eradication Can Reverse Rho GTPase Expression in Gastric Carcinogenesis
Jue Lie Kim1
, Sang Gyun Kim2
, Enerelt Natsagdorj2
, Hyunsoo Chung2
, Soo-Jeong Cho2
Published online January 31, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220301 -
Long Noncoding RNA Cytoskeleton Regulator RNA Suppresses Apoptosis in Hepatoma Cells by Modulating the miR-125a-5p/HS1-Associated Protein X-1 Axis to Induce Caspase-9 Inactivation
Zhen-Yu Wu1
, Yumin Wang2
, Hao Hu1
, Xiang-Nan Ai1
, Qiang Zhang1
, Yu-Gang Qin1
Published online January 26, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210572 -
A Case of Intramural Gastric Wall Abscess, a Rare Disease Successfully Treated with Endoscopic Incision and Drainage
Kyung Rok Kim
, Ki Nam Shim
, A Reum Choe
, Min Jong Lee
, Ye Hyun Park
, Eun Mi Song
, Chung Hyun Tae
, Sung Ae Jung
Published online January 26, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220009 -
Artificial Intelligence in the Prediction of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors on Endoscopic Ultrasonography Images: Development, Validation and Comparison with Endosonographers
Yi Lu1,2
, Jiachuan Wu3
, Minhui Hu1,2
, Qinghua Zhong4
, Limian Er5
, Huihui Shi5
, Weihui Cheng6
, Ke Chen7
, Yuan Liu7
, Bingfeng Qiu8
, Qiancheng Xu8
, Guangshun Lai9
, Yufeng Wang10
, Yuxuan Luo10
, Jinbao Mu10
, Wenjie Zhang11
, Min Zhi2,12
, Jiachen Sun1,2
Published online January 26, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220347 -
Rehabilitation Program for Improved Musculoskeletal Pain in Gastrointestinal Endoscopists: Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Su Youn Nam1
, Kwangwoo Nam2
, Ki-Nam Shim3
, Seoyon Yang4
, Chung Hyun Tae3
, Junwoo Jo5
, Nayoung Kim6,7
, Seon Mi Park8
, Young Sook Park9
, Seun Ja Park10
, Sung-Ae Jung3
Published online January 2, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220103 -
Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors According to the 2019 World Health Organization Grading System: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study
Yuri Kim1
, Bokyung Ahn2
, Kee Don Choi1
, Beom-Su Kim3
, Jeong-Hwan Yook3
, Gin Hyug Lee1
, Seung-Mo Hong2
, Jeong Hoon Lee1
Published online January 2, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220175 -
Esophageal Reflux Hypersensitivity: A Comprehensive Review
Akinari Sawada1
, Daniel Sifrim2
, Yasuhiro Fujiwara1
Published online January 2, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220373 -
Oral Sulfate Solution Is as Effective as Polyethylene Glycol with Ascorbic Acid in a Split Method for Bowel Preparation in Patients with Inactive Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized, Multicenter, and Single-Blind Clinical Trial
Ji Min Lee1
, Kang-Moon Lee1
, Ho Suk Kang2
, Ja Seol Koo3
, Hyun Seok Lee4
, Seok-Hoo Jeong5
, Jung Ho Kim6
, Dae Bum Kim1
Published online January 2, 2023https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220202 -
Outcomes of Endoscopic Resection for Early Gastric Cancer in Very Elderly Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Tae Jun Kim1
, Jeung Hui Pyo2
, Hyuk Lee1
, Sung Chul Choi2
, Yang Won Min1
, Byung-Hoon Min1
, Jun Haeng Lee1
, Poong-Lyul Rhee1
, Minku Song3
, Yoon-Ho Choi2
, Jae J. Kim1
Published online December 29, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210430 -
The Role of Endoscopic Management in Afferent Loop Syndrome
Clement Chun Ho Wu1,2
, Elizabeth Brindise3
, Rami El Abiad3
, Mouen A. Khashab4
Published online December 29, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220205 -
Efficacy and Safety of Infliximab in Intestinal Behçet’s Disease: A Multicenter, Phase 3 Study (BEGIN)
Jae Hee Cheon1
, Hyun-Soo Kim2
, Dong Soo Han3
, Sung Kook Kim4
, Sung Jae Shin5
, Joo Sung Kim6
, Byong Duk Ye7
, Geun Am Song8
, YoungJa Lee9
, Youngdoe Kim9
, Yoosun Lee9
, Won Ho Kim1
, BEGIN Study Group
Published online December 29, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220278 -
Does Early Endoscopy Affect the Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Liyi Bai
, Wei Jiang
, Rui Cheng
, Yan Dang
, Li Min
, Shutian Zhang
Published online December 29, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220291 -
Hemostatic Effect and Mechanism of Epidermal Growth Factor-Hemostatic Powder after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in a Porcine Model
Da Hyun Jung1
, Ji Hyun Youn2
, Bo Mi Moon2
, Ji Hye Lee2
, Hyun-Seung Ryu2
, Joon Sung Kim3
, Hyuk Lee4
, Gwang Ha Kim5
, Jun Chul Park1
Published online December 13, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220149 -
Are Newer Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Models Truly Improving Pancreatolithiasis Lithotripsy Performance? A Japanese Single-Center Study Using Endoscopic Adjunctive Treatment
Ken Ito
, Naoki Okano
, Kensuke Takuma
, Susumu Iwasaki
, Koji Watanabe
, Yusuke Kimura
, Yuto Yamada
, Kensuke Yoshimoto
, Seiichi Hara
, Yui Kishimoto
, Takahisa Matsuda
, Yoshinori Igarashi
Published online December 13, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220204 -
The Expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 on Immune Cells Is Related to a Better Prognosis in Biliary Tract Cancer
Sung Chan Kwon1
, Seungmin Bang1
, Young Nyun Park2
, Ji Hoon Park1
, So Jeong Kim1
, Jung Hyun Jo1
, Moon Jae Chung1
, Jeong Youp Park1
, Seung Woo Park1
, Si Young Song1
, Eunhyang Park2
, Hee Seung Lee1
Published online December 13, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220206 -
Efficacy and Tolerability of 14-Day Tegoprazan- versus Rabeprazole-Based Triple Therapy for Eradication of Helicobacter pylori: A Real-World Evidence Study
Yoon Suk Jung1
, Sunyong Kim2
, Hyun-Young Kim2
, Seung Jae Noh3
, Jung Ho Park1
, Chong Il Sohn1
, Chan Hyuk Park3
Published online December 13, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220218 -
Impact of Crohn’s Disease on the Survival of Patients with Small-Bowel Adenocarcinoma in Korea: A Bicenter Cohort Study
Kyuwon Kim1
, Kookhwan Choi2
, Sung Wook Hwang1,3
, Jong Pil Im2
, Byong Duk Ye1,3
, Joo Sung Kim2
, Kyu Joo Park4
, Suk-Kyun Yang1,3
, Seong-Joon Koh2
, Sang Hyoung Park1,3
, IBD Research Group of the Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases
Published online December 13, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220220 -
The Clinicopathological Features of Mixed Carcinoma in 7,215 Patients with Gastric Cancer in a Tertiary Hospital in South Korea
Hyeong Ho Jo1,2
, Nayoung Kim1,3
, Hyeon Jeong Oh4
, Du Hyun Song1
, Yonghoon Choi1
, Jaehyung Park1
, Jongchan Lee1
, Hyuk Yoon1
, Cheol Min Shin1
, Young Soo Park1
, Dong Ho Lee1,3
, Hye Seung Lee5
, Young Suk Park6
, Sang-Hoon Ahn6
, Yun-Suhk Suh6
, Do Joong Park6,7
, Hyung Ho Kim6,7
, Ji-Won Kim1
, Jin Won Kim1
, Keun-Wook Lee1,3
, Won Chang8
, Ji Hoon Park8
, Yoon Jin Lee8
, Kyoung Ho Lee8,9
, Young Hoon Kim8,9
, Soyeon Ahn10
Published online December 13, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220254 -
Combinatorial Effect of Prophylactic Interventions for Post-ERCP Pancreatitis among Patients with Risk Factors: A Network Meta-Analysis
Jin Ho Choi
, Sang Hyub Lee
, Joo Seong Kim
, Namyoung Park
, Myoeng Hwan Lee
, Min Woo Lee
, In Rae Cho
, Woo Hyun Paik
, Ji Kon Ryu
, Yong-Tae Kim
Published online December 13, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220268 -
Long-term Outcomes of Endoscopic Intraductal Radiofrequency Ablation for Ampullary Adenoma with Intraductal Extension after Endoscopic Snare Papillectomy
Sung Hyun Cho
, Dongwook Oh
, Tae Jun Song
, Do Hyun Park
, Dong-Wan Seo
, Sung Koo Lee
, Myung-Hwan Kim
, Sang Soo Lee
Published online December 6, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220201 -
Chasm between Public Perceptions and Epidemiological Data on Colorectal Cancer
Su Bee Park
, Min Seob Kwak
, Jin Young Yoon
, Jae Myung Cha
Published online November 3, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220134 -
High Sodium Intake, as Assessed by Urinary Sodium Excretion, Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease or Sarcopenia
Eugene Han1
, Mi Kyung Kim1
, Seung-Soon Im2
, Hye Soon Kim1
, Taeg Kyu Kwon3
, Byoung Kuk Jang1
Published online November 1, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220133 -
Serum Anti-Fumarate Hydratase Autoantibody as a Biomarker for Predicting Prognosis of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
Linlin Wei1
, Ting Wang2
, Sisi Chen3
, Yeying Liu3
, Xueying Huang3
, Sujun Zheng4
, Bin Xu1
, Feng Ren5
, Mei Liu3
Published online November 1, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220022 -
Diagnostic Performance of LI-RADS v2018 versus KLCA-NCC 2018 Criteria for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Hepatobiliary Agent: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies
Jaeseung Shin1
, Sunyoung Lee2
, Ja Kyung Yoon2
, Won Jeong Son3
, Yun Ho Roh3
, Yong Eun Chung2
, Jin-Young Choi2
, Mi-Suk Park2
Published online November 1, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220115 -
Outcomes of the Conventional versus Pocket-Creation Method for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Gastric Body Tumors Using a Dual Knife: A Retrospective Study
Sang Pyo Lee
, Hyun Joo Jang
, Sea Hyub Kae
, Jae Gon Lee
Published online October 21, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220226 -
Postoperative Bleeding Risk after Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Patients Receiving a P2Y12 Receptor Antagonist
Ryosuke Hirai1
, Seiji Kawano1
, Shoko Inoo1
, Sakiko Kuraoka1
, Shotaro Okanoue1
, Takuya Satomi1
, Kenta Hamada2
, Yoshiyasu Kono1
, Hiromitsu Kanzaki1
, Masaya Iwamuro1
, Yoshiro Kawahara2
, Hiroyuki Okada1
Published online September 29, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220196 -
Effective Eradication Regimen and Duration According to the Clarithromycin Susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori Determined Using Dual Priming Oligonucleotide-Based Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Soo-Young Na1
, Byung-Wook Kim1
, Min Ji Kim2
, Younghee Choe1
, Joon Sung Kim1
Published online September 28, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220256 -
Novel Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor Confers Anti-inflammatory Effects and Enhances Gut Barrier Function
Jae-Young Lee1
, Hyun Woo Ma2
, Ji Hyung Kim2
, I Seul Park2
, Mijeong Son2
, Keun Ho Ryu3
, Jieun Shin3
, Seung Won Kim2,4
, Jae Hee Cheon2,4
Published online September 27, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220159 -
Four-Hour Fasting for Semifluids and 2-Hour Fasting for Water Improves the Patient Experience of Esophagogastroduodenoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Meng-Xi Cai1,2
, Ye Gao1,2
, Li Li3
, Wen Feng3
, Yi-Lin Wang4
, Zhao-Shen Li1,2
, Lei Xin1,2
, Luo-Wei Wang1,2
Published online September 23, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220170 -
Associations of Polyp Characteristics in Children and Adolescents Presenting with Less Than Five Colorectal Polyps: A Full Colonoscopy Is Still Required
Ju Young Kim1
, Yu Bin Kim2
, Sujin Choi3
, Yoo Min Lee4
, Hyun Jin Kim5
, Soon Chul Kim6
, Hyo-Jeong Jang7
, So Yoon Choi8
, Dae Yong Yi9
, Yoon Lee10
, You Jin Choi11
, Yunkoo Kang12
, Kyung Jae Lee13
, Suk Jin Hong14
, Jun Hyun Hwang15
, Sanggyu Kwak16
, Byung-Ho Choe3
, Ben Kang3
Published online September 2, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210404 -
circ-LDLRAD3 Knockdown Reduces Cisplatin Chemoresistance and Inhibits the Development of Gastric Cancer with Cisplatin Resistance through miR-588 Enrichment-Mediated SOX5 Inhibition
Qianping Liang
, Feifei Chu
, Lei Zhang
, Yuanyuan Jiang
, Lu Li
, Huili Wu
Published online August 17, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210195 -
Early Infliximab Trough Levels Predict the Long-term Efficacy of Infliximab in a Randomized Controlled Trial in Patients with Active Crohn’s Disease Comparing, between CT-P13 and Originator Infliximab
Jihye Park1
, Jae Hee Cheon1
, Kang-Moon Lee2
, Young-Ho Kim3
, Byong Duk Ye4
, Chang Soo Eun5
, Sung Hyun Kim6
, Sun Hee Lee6
, Joon Ho Lee6
, Stefan Schreiber7
Published online August 17, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220005 -
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Helicobacter pylori and Clarithromycin Resistance
Jin Hee Noh1
, Ji Yong Ahn1
, Jene Choi2
, Young Soo Park2
, Hee Kyong Na1
, Jeong Hoon Lee1
, Kee Wook Jung1
, Do Hoon Kim1
, Kee Don Choi1
, Ho June Song1
, Gin Hyug Lee1
, Hwoon-Yong Jung1
, Jung Mogg Kim3
Published online July 20, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220076 -
National Survey Regarding the Management of Difficult Bile Duct Stones in South Korea
Yoon Suk Lee1
, Tae Joo Jeon2
, Woo Hyun Paik3
, Dong-Won Ahn4
, Kwang Hyun Chung5
, Byoung Kwan Son5
, Tae Jun Song6
, Sung-Hoon Moon7
, Eaum Seok Lee8
, Jae Min Lee9
, Seung Bae Yoon10
, Chang Nyol Paik11
, Yun Nah Lee12
, Jin-Seok Park13
, Dong Wook Lee14
, Sang Wook Park15
, Hyung Ku Chon16
, Kwang Bum Cho17
, Chang Hwan Park18
, on behalf of the Committee of Policy and Quality Management in Korean Pancreatobiliary Association
Published online July 19, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl220117 -
TCN1 Deficiency Inhibits the Malignancy of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Regulating the ITGB4 Pathway
Xinqiang Zhu1,2
, Xuetong Jiang2
, Qinglin Zhang3
, Hailong Huang2
, Xiaohong Shi4
, Daorong Hou5
, Chungen Xing1
Published online June 10, 2022https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210494 -
Are the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio Prognostic Factors for Patients with Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Chemoradiotherapy?
Jiong-Jie Yu1,2, Li-Yang Sun1,2, Bing Quan1,2, Tian Yang1
Published online October 10, 2018https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl18210
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, Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research
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