Gut and Liver is an international journal of gastroenterology, focusing on the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tree, pancreas, motility, and neurogastroenterology. Gut atnd Liver delivers up-to-date, authoritative papers on both clinical and research-based topics in gastroenterology. The Journal publishes original articles, case reports, brief communications, letters to the editor and invited review articles in the field of gastroenterology. The Journal is operated by internationally renowned editorial boards and designed to provide a global opportunity to promote academic developments in the field of gastroenterology and hepatology. +MORE
Yong Chan Lee |
Professor of Medicine Director, Gastrointestinal Research Laboratory Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Univ. California San Francisco San Francisco, USA |
Jong Pil Im | Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea |
Robert S. Bresalier | University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA |
Steven H. Itzkowitz | Mount Sinai Medical Center, NY, USA |
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Yoon Ju Jung1 , Hee Jin Kim2
, Cho Hyun Park3
, Seun Ja Park4
, and Nayoung Kim5,6
Correspondence to:Nayoung Kim
ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-0406
E-mail nakim49@snu.ac.kr
Seun Ja Park
ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3217-5115
E-mail parksj6406@daum.net
Yoon Ju Jung and Hee Jin Kim contributed equally to this work as first authors.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Gut Liver
Published online January 7, 2022
Copyright © Gut and Liver.
Background/Aims: Gastric cancers (GCs), particularly the Lauren intestinal type, show a male predominance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of reproductive factors on GCs in females, according to Lauren classification.
Methods: Medical records of 1,849 males and 424 females who underwent radical gastrectomy or endoscopic resection for GCs between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed. The incidences of intestinal-type GCs were compared between males and groups of females stratified according to postmenopausal period. Associations between reproductive factors in females and intestinaltype GCs were analyzed using multivariate models.
Results: The proportions of intestinal-type GCs were significantly lower in premenopausal (19%), less than 10 years postmenopausal (30.4%), and 10 to 19 years postmenopausal females (44.1%) than in males (61.0%) (p<0.05 for all). Females ≥20 years postmenopause had a proportion of intestinal-type GCs similar to that in males (60.6% vs 61.0%; p=0.948). Multivariate analysis revealed that age (odds ratio [OR], 1.075; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.039 to 1.113; p<0.001) and parity ≥3 (OR, 1.775; 95% CI, 1.012 to 3.114; p=0.045) were positively associated with an increased risk of intestinal-type GCs in postmenopausal females, while long fertility duration (OR, 1.147; 95% CI, 1.043 to 1.261; p=0.005) was positively associated with an increased risk of intestinal-type GCs in premenopausal females.
Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the proportions of intestinal-type GCs between males and females ≥20 years postmenopause, suggesting that female reproductive factors play a role in the prevention of intestinal-type GC.
Keywords: Gastric, Cancer, Female, Reproductive
Gut and Liver
Published online January 7, 2022
Copyright © Gut and Liver.
Yoon Ju Jung1 , Hee Jin Kim2
, Cho Hyun Park3
, Seun Ja Park4
, and Nayoung Kim5,6
1Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, 2Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, 3Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 4Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 5Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, and 6Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Correspondence to:Nayoung Kim
ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-0406
E-mail nakim49@snu.ac.kr
Seun Ja Park
ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3217-5115
E-mail parksj6406@daum.net
Yoon Ju Jung and Hee Jin Kim contributed equally to this work as first authors.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Background/Aims: Gastric cancers (GCs), particularly the Lauren intestinal type, show a male predominance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of reproductive factors on GCs in females, according to Lauren classification.
Methods: Medical records of 1,849 males and 424 females who underwent radical gastrectomy or endoscopic resection for GCs between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed. The incidences of intestinal-type GCs were compared between males and groups of females stratified according to postmenopausal period. Associations between reproductive factors in females and intestinaltype GCs were analyzed using multivariate models.
Results: The proportions of intestinal-type GCs were significantly lower in premenopausal (19%), less than 10 years postmenopausal (30.4%), and 10 to 19 years postmenopausal females (44.1%) than in males (61.0%) (p<0.05 for all). Females ≥20 years postmenopause had a proportion of intestinal-type GCs similar to that in males (60.6% vs 61.0%; p=0.948). Multivariate analysis revealed that age (odds ratio [OR], 1.075; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.039 to 1.113; p<0.001) and parity ≥3 (OR, 1.775; 95% CI, 1.012 to 3.114; p=0.045) were positively associated with an increased risk of intestinal-type GCs in postmenopausal females, while long fertility duration (OR, 1.147; 95% CI, 1.043 to 1.261; p=0.005) was positively associated with an increased risk of intestinal-type GCs in premenopausal females.
Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the proportions of intestinal-type GCs between males and females ≥20 years postmenopause, suggesting that female reproductive factors play a role in the prevention of intestinal-type GC.
Keywords: Gastric, Cancer, Female, Reproductive